V-ing/V-ed …, Main Clause

结构︰

现在分词／过去分词…，主要子句

说明︰

这是含<分词>句构的<句型>，是以<分词词组>代替<副词子句>。<主要子句>中的<主语>应和<分词词组>中的动作接受者一致。若<动词>为 be 或 have been，变成现在<分词> being 或 having been后，可以省略。<否定句>若变成<分词词组>时，<否定副词> not 或 never 应置于<分词>之前。

Holding the watch up, she listened.
把表拿起来，她注意听。
Standing in the dark, I can not see anything.
站在黑夜里，我什么也看不见。
Sitting under the tree, I was hit by a stone on the head.
我坐在树下，被一块石头击中了头。
(Being) a lover of nature, he often goes mountain climbing.
因为热爱大自然，他常常去爬山。
Angry with his wife, Tom kicked the dog.
因为和太太生气，汤姆踢狗。
Rich and generous, he contributed two million dollars to the Red Cross.
因为有钱又慷慨，他捐了两百万圆给红十字会。
(Having been) Knocked down by a car, he spent a week in the hospital.
被车子撞倒后，他在医院里度过了一星期。
Seriously damaged, the bridge is no longer in use.
因受到严重损坏，这座桥不再使用了。
Caught in a rain, he was wet all over.
淋到了一场雨，他全身都湿了。
Bitten by a dog, the little boy did not dare to play with dogs again.
被狗咬过，这个小男孩不敢再和狗玩。
Written in English, the book is difficult for me to understand.
用英文写的这本书对我来说很难理解。
Not (being) fond of learning, he ran away from home.
由于不喜欢读书，他就离家出走了。
Never having been to Switzerland before, he longs for a trip there.
因为从来没去过瑞士，他期待一趟瑞士之旅。